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Effect of fine solid particles on absorption rate of gaseous CO

LU Sumin, MA Youguang, SHEN Shuhua, ZHU Chunying

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第4期   页码 368-372 doi: 10.1007/s11705-008-0067-3

摘要： The influence of the properties of solid particles in slurry on the absorption of CO in the slurry was investigated in a stirred thermostatic reactor. The absorption experiments were carried out in three different slurries consisting of water, cyclohexane and soybean oil, respectively, and three kinds of solid particles (active carbon, active alumina and silica gel) were incorporated into each of the above mentioned slurries separately. The experimental results show that the active carbon particles could enhance the absorption rate of gaseous CO in the aqueous slurry, while in the cyclohexane slurry, active carbon particles indicated no the absorption enhancement effect. However, it was observed that the active alumina and silica gel particles could enhance the absorption rate of CO in the cyclohexane slurry. These phenomena indicate that the solid particles, which could enhance the gaseous CO absorption rate, should possess two properties simultaneously, i.e. they rejected the solvent and had higher adsorption capacity for the solute. The experimental results also show that, as for those solid particles which could enhance the gas absorption rate, the enhancement increased quickly with the increase of solid concentration in slurry at first, and then reached a constant value gradually. It was also found that the enhancement factor was related to the coverage fraction of solid particles on the gas-liquid interface, and due to the reduction of surface fraction with increasing stirred speed, the enhancement factor decreased.

关键词： constant     influence     soybean     solvent     concentration    

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Review of solvent based carbon-dioxide capture technologies

Kathryn A. MUMFORD,Yue WU,Kathryn H. SMITH,Geoffrey W. STEVENS

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第2期   页码 125-141 doi: 10.1007/s11705-015-1514-6

摘要： Currently, a large proportion of global fossil fuel emissions originate from large point sources such as power generation or industrial processes. This trend is expected to continue until the year 2030 and beyond. Carbon capture and storage (CCS), a straightforward and effective carbon reduction approach, will play a significant role in reducing emissions from these sources into the future if atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO ) emissions are to be stabilized and global warming limited below a threshold of 2 °C. This review provides an update on the status of large scale integrated CCS technologies using solvent absorption for CO capture and provides an insight into the development of new solvents, including advanced amine solvents, amino acid salts, carbonate systems, aqueous ammonia, immiscible liquids and ionic liquids. These proposed new solvents aim to reduce the overall cost CO capture by improving the CO absorption rate, CO capture capacity, thereby reducing equipment size and decreasing the energy required for solvent regeneration.

关键词： large scale     carbon dioxide     carbon capture     solvent absorption    

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Regulation of radicals by hydrogen-donor solvent in direct coal liquefaction

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第12期   页码 1689-1699 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2186-7

摘要： Radicals are important intermediates in direct coal liquefaction. Certain radicals can cause the cleavage of chemical bonds. At high temperatures, radical fragments can be produced by the splitting of large organic molecules, which can break strong chemical bonds through the induction pyrolysis of radicals. The reaction between the formation and annihilation of coal radical fragments and the effect of hydrogen-donor solvents on the radical fragments are discussed in lignite hydrogenolysis. Using the hydroxyl and ether bonds as indicators, the effects of different radicals on the cleavage of chemical bond were investigated employing density functional theory calculations and lignite hydrogenolysis experiments. Results showed that the adjustment of the coal radical fragments could be made by the addition of hydrogen-donor solvents. Results showed that the transition from coal radical fragment to H radical leads to the variation of product distribution. The synergistic mechanism of hydrogen supply and hydrogenolysis of hydrogen-donor solvent was proposed.

关键词： direct coal liquefaction     hydrogen-donor solvent     induced pyrolysis     radical mechanism     density functional theory calculations    

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Micronization of curcumin with biodegradable polymer by supercritical anti-solvent using micro swirl

Kimthet Chhouk, Wahyudiono, Hideki Kanda, Shin-Ichro Kawasaki, Motonobu Goto

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第1期   页码 184-193 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1678-3

摘要： Curcumin is a hydrophobic polyphenol compound exhibiting a wide range of biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-carcinogenic, anti-human immunodeficiency virus, and anti-microbial activity. In this work, a swirl mixer was employed to produce the micronized curcumin with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) by the supercritical anti-solvent process to improve the bioavailability of curcumin. The effects of operating parameters such as curcumin/PVP ratio, feed concentration, temperature, pressure, and CO flow rate were investigated. The characterization and solubility of particles were determined by using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, and ultra-violet-visible spectroscopy. The result shows that the optimal condition for the production of curcumin/PVP particles is at curcumin/PVP ratio of 1:30, feed concentration of 5 mg·mL , temperature of 40 °C, pressure of 15 MPa, and CO flow rate of 15 mL·min . Moreover, the dissolution of curcumin/PVP particles is faster than that of raw curcumin.

关键词： micronization     curcumin     polyvinylpyrrolidone     supercritical anti-solvent     swirl mixer    

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Study of an artificial boundary condition based on the damping-solvent extraction method

Qiang XU, Jianyun CHEN, Jing LI, Mingming WANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第3期   页码 281-287 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0167-5

摘要： A new artificial boundary condition for time domain analysis of a structure-unlimited-foundation system was proposed. The boundary condition was based on the damping-solvent extraction method. The principle of the damping-solvent extraction method was described. An artificial boundary condition was then established by setting two spring-damper systems and one artificial damping limited region. A test example was developed to verify that the proposed boundary condition and model had high precision. Compared with the damping-solvent extraction method, this boundary condition is easier to be applied to finite element method (FEM)-based numerical calculations.

关键词： damping-solvent extraction method     structure-unlimited-foundation system     spring-damper system     artificial damping limited region     finite element method    

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Deep eutectic solvent inclusions for high- composite dielectric elastomers

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第6期   页码 996-1002 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2138-2

摘要： Recent advances in novel electroactive devices have placed new requirements on material development. High-performance dielectric elastomers with good mechanical stretchability and high dielectric constant are under high demand. However, the current strategy for fabricating these materials suffers from high cost or low thermal stability, which greatly hinders large-scale industrial production. Herein, we have successfully developed a novel strategy for improving the dielectric constant of polymeric elastomers via deep eutectic solvent inclusion by taking advantage of the low cost, convenient and environmentally benign synthesis process and high ionic conductivity from deep eutectic solvents. The as-prepared composite elastomers showed good stretchability and a greatly enhanced dielectric constant with a negligible increase in dielectric dissipation. Moreover, we have proven the universality of our strategy by using different types of deep eutectic solvents. It is believed that low-cost, easy-synthesis and environmentally friendly deep eutectic solvents including composite elastomers are highly suitable for large-scale industrial production and can greatly broaden the application fields of dielectric elastomers.

关键词： composite materials     deep eutectic solvent     dielectric elastomer     high dielectric constant    

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A new procedure combining GC-MS with accelerated solvent extraction for the analysis of phthalic acid

Tingting MA, Ying TENG, Peter CHRISTIE, Yongming LUO, Yongshan CHEN, Mao YE, Yujuan HUANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第1期   页码 31-42 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0463-2

摘要： An optimized procedure based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) combined with accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) is developed for the analysis of six phthalic acid esters (PAEs), which are priority soil pollutants nominated by United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Quantification of PAEs in soil employs ultrasonic extraction (UE) (USEPA 3550) and ASE (USEPA 3545), followed by clean up procedures involving three different chromatography columns and two combined elution methods. GC-MS conditions under selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode are described and quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) criteria with high accuracy and sensitivity for target analytes were achieved. Method reliability is assured with the use of an isotopically labeled PAE, di- -butyl phthalate-d4 (DnBP-D4), as a surrogate, and benzyl benzoate (BB) as an internal standard, and with the analysis of certified reference materials (CRM). QA/QC for the developed procedure was tested in four PAE-spiked soils and one PAE-contaminated soil. The four spiked soils were originated from typical Chinese agricultural fields and the contaminated soil was obtained from an electronic waste dismantling area. Instrument detection limits (IDLs) for the six PAEs ranged 0.10–0.31 μg·L and method detection limits (MDLs) of the four spiked soils varied from a range of 20–70 μg·kg to a range of 90– 290 μg·kg . Linearity of response between 20 μg·L and 2 mg·L was also established and the correlation coefficients ( ) were all>0.998. Spiked soil matrix showed relative recovery rates between 75 and 120% for the six target compounds and about 93% for the surrogate substance. The developed procedure is anticipated to be highly applicable for field surveys of soil PAE pollution in China.

关键词： phthalic acid esters     quality assurance and quality control     soil type     accelerated solvent extraction     certified reference materials    

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Purification of artemisinin from quercetin by anti-solvent crystallization

Chandrakant R. MALWADE, Haiyan QU, Ben-Guang RONG, Lars P. CHRISTENSEN

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第1期   页码 72-78 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1305-x

摘要： In the present work, anti-solvent crystallization of artemisinin from four different organic solvents (methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, and acetone) was studied. Water was used as anti-solvent. The effect of an impurity (quercetin) on the performance of anti-solvent crystallization of artemisinin was investigated. The fundamental process data such as solubility of artemisinin in pure organic solvents and their binary mixtures with varying composition water were measured at room temperature. The solubility of quercetin was measured only in pure organic solvents at room temperature. Anti-solvent crystallization experiments were designed based on the fundamental process data determined. Firstly, the anti-solvent crystallization of artemisinin without impurity was performed from all four organic solvents and then the experiments were repeated with addition of an impurity (quercetin) while keeping all other process parameters constant. Two different concentrations of impurity, i.e., 10% and 50% of its solubility, in the respective organic solvents at room temperature were used. The effect of impurity on performance of anti-solvent crystallization was evaluated by comparing the yield and purity of the artemisinin obtained with those in the absence of impurity. Results of the present work demonstrated that the presence of quercetin in the solution does not affect the final yield of artemisinin from the solution of each of four organic solvents used. However, the purity of artemisinin crystals were reduced when quercetin concentration was 50% of its solubility in all solvents studied.

关键词： anti-solvent crystallization     artemisinin     quercetin     solubility     Artemisia annua    

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Nanostructured gold films exhibiting almost complete absorption of light at visible wavelengths

Hanbin Zheng, Christine Picard, Serge Ravaine

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第2期   页码 247-251 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1710-2

摘要： Nanostructured metal surfaces have been known to exhibit properties that deviate from that of the bulk material. By simply modifying the texture of a metal surface, various unique optical properties can be observed. In this paper, we present a simple two step electrochemical process combining electrodeposition and anodization to generate black gold surfaces. This process is simple, versatile and up-scalable for the production of large surfaces. The black gold films have remarkable optical behavior as they absorb more than 93% of incident light over the entire visible spectrum and also exhibit no specular reflectance. A careful analysis by scanning electron microscopy reveals that these unique optical properties are due to their randomly rough surface, as they consist in a forest of dendritic microstructures with a nanoscale roughness. This new type of black films can be fabricated to a large variety of substrates, turning them to super absorbers with potential applications in photovoltaic solar cells or highly sensitive detectors and so on.

关键词： nanostructuration     light absorption     coating     gold     electrodeposition     anodization    

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Effect of light scattering on the performance of a direct absorption solar collector

Kwang Hyun WON, Bong Jae LEE

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第1期   页码 169-177 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0527-5

摘要： Recently, a solar thermal collector often employs nanoparticle suspension to absorb the solar radiation directly by a working fluid as well as to enhance its thermal performance. The collector efficiency of a direct absorption solar collector (DASC) is very sensitive to optical properties of the working fluid, such as absorption and scattering coefficients. Most of the existing studies have neglected particle scattering by assuming that the size of nanoparticle suspension is much smaller than the wavelength of solar radiation (i.e., Rayleigh scattering is applicable). If the nanoparticle suspension is made of metal, however, the scattering cross-section of metallic nanoparticles could be comparable to their absorption cross-section depending on the particle size, especially when the localized surface plasmon (LSP) is excited. Therefore, for the DASC utilizing a plasmonic nanofluid supporting the LSP, light scattering from metallic particle suspension must be taken into account in the thermal analysis. The present study investigates the scattering effect on the thermal performance of the DASC employing plasmonic nanofluid as a working fluid. In the analysis, the Monte Carlo method is employed to numerically solve the radiative transfer equation considering the volume scattering inside the nanofluid. It is found that the light scattering can improve the collector performance if the scattering coefficient of nanofluid is carefully engineered depending on its value of the absorption coefficient.

关键词： direct absorption solar collector     plasmonic nanofluid     light scattering    

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Performance analysis of solar absorption-subcooled compression hybrid refrigeration system in subtropical

Xiangyang YE,Liming LIU,Zeyu LI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第1期   页码 185-192 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0452-z

摘要： Solar absorption-subcooled compression hybrid refrigeration system is a new type of efficient and economical solar refrigeration device which always meets the demand of cooling load with the change of solar irradiance. The performance of the hybrid system is higher due to the improvement of evaporator temperature of absorption subsystem. But simultaneously, the variation of working process as well as performance is complicated since the absorption and compression subsystems are coupled strongly. Based on the measured meteorological data of Guangzhou, a subtropical city in south China, a corresponding parametric model has been developed for the hybrid refrigeration system, and a program written by Fortran has been used to analyze the performance of the hybrid system under different external conditions. As the condensation temperature ranges from 38°C to 50°C, the working time fraction of the absorption subsystem increases from 75% to 85%. Besides, the energy saving fraction also increases from 5.31% to 6.02%. The average COP of the absorption subsystem is improved from 0.366 to 0.407. However, when the temperature of the absorption increases from 36°C to 48°C, the average COP of hybrid system decreases from 2.703 to 2.312. Moreover, the working time fraction of the absorption subsystem decreases from 80% to 71.7%. The energy saving fraction falls from 5.67% to 5.08%. In addition, when the evaporate temperature increases from 4°C to 14°C, the average COP of the absorption subsystem decreases from 0.384 to 0.365. The work of the compressor decreases from 48.2 kW to 32.8 kW and the corresponding average COP of the absorption subsystem is improved from 2.591 to 3.082.

关键词： solar     absorption-subcooled     compression hybrid     dynamic simulation     performance analysis    

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Improving retrieval precision of NO

Jinpeng YANG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第4卷 第1期   页码 92-96 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0001-5

摘要： The NO density error retrieved by the traditional method of differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) was analyzed. The technique for reducing the error is proposed and used to obtain the NO density of Chengdu through DOAS.

关键词： absorption structure     low-frequency structure     absorption cross-section     NO2 density    

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optimization of 1,3-dimethylimidazolylium dimethylphosphate-water binary mixture for a single effect absorption

Gorakshnath TAKALKAR, Ahmad K. SLEITI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第3期   页码 521-535 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0720-9

摘要： The energy and exergy analyses of the absorption refrigeration system (ARS) using H O-[mmim][DMP] mixture were investigated for a wide range of temperature. The equilibrium Dühring ( - - ) and enthalpy ( - - ) of mixture were assessed using the excess Gibbs free non-random two liquid (NRTL) model for a temperature range of 20°C to 140°C and from 0.1 to 0.9. The performance validation of the ARS cycle showed a better coefficient of performance (COP) of 0.834 for H O-[mmim][DMP] in comparison to NH -H O, H O-LiBr, H O-[emim][DMP], and H O-[emim][BF4]. Further, ARS performances with various operating temperatures of the absorber ( ), condenser ( ), generator ( ), and evaporator ( ) were simulated and optimized for a maximum COP and exergetic COP (ECOP). The effects of from 50°C to 150°C and and from 30°C to 50°C on COP and ECOP, the , , and circulation ratio (CR) of the ARS were evaluated and optimized for from 5°C to 15°C. The optimization revealed that needed to achieve a maximum COP which was more than that for a maximum ECOP. Therefore, this investigation provides criteria to select low grade heat source temperature. Most of the series flow of the cases of cooling water from the condenser to the absorber was found to be better than the absorber to the condenser.

关键词： ionic liquid driven absorption cycle     H2O-[mmim][DMP]     coefficient of performance (COP)     exergy analysis     thermodynamics mixture property    

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A district heating system based on absorption heat exchange with CHP systems

Lin FU, Yan LI, Yi JIANG, Shigang ZHANG,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第1期   页码 77-83 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0022-0

摘要： In order to decrease the energy consumption of large-scale district heating systems with cogeneration, a district heating system is presented in this paper based on absorption heat exchange in the cogeneration system named Co-ah cycle, which means that the cogeneration system is based on absorption heat exchange. In substations of the heating system, the temperature of return water of primary heat network is reduced to about 25°C through the absorption heat-exchange units. In the thermal station of the cogeneration plant, return water is heated orderly by the exhaust steam in the condenser, the absorption heat pumps, and the peak load heater. Compared with traditional heating systems, this system runs with a greater circuit temperature drop so that the delivery capacity of the heat network increases dramatically. Moreover, by recovering the exhausted heat from the condensers, the capacity of the district heating system and the energy efficiency of the combined heat and power system (CHP system) are highly developed. Therefore, high energy and economic efficiency can be obtained.

关键词： cogeneration     district heating     absorption heat exchange     Co-ah cycle    

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Vanadium(IV) solvent extraction enhancement in high acidity using di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid with

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第1期   页码 56-67 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2185-8

摘要： Separation of vanadium from black shale leaching solution at low pH is very meaningful, which can effectively avoid the generation of alkali neutralization slag and the resulting vanadium loss. In this study, coordination mechanism of vanadium in acid leaching solution at low pH was investigated with the intervention of chloride ions. Under the conditions of pH 0.8, di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid concentration of 20%, phase ratio of 1:2, and extraction time of 8 min, the vanadium extraction could reach 80.00%. The Fourier transform infrared and electrospray ionization results reveal that, despite the fact that the chloride ion in the leachate could significantly promote vanadium extraction, the chloride ion does not enter the organic phase, indicating an intriguing phenomenon. Among Cl−–V, SO42−–V, and H2O–V, the V–Cl bond is longer and the potential difference between coordinate ions and vanadium is smaller. Therefore, VO2+ gets easily desorbed with chloride ions and enter the organic phase. At the same time, the hydrogen ions of di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid also enter the water phase more easily, which reduces the pH required for the extraction reaction.

关键词： vanadium     black shale     solvent extraction     high acidity extraction    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Effect of fine solid particles on absorption rate of gaseous CO

LU Sumin, MA Youguang, SHEN Shuhua, ZHU Chunying

期刊论文

Review of solvent based carbon-dioxide capture technologies

Kathryn A. MUMFORD,Yue WU,Kathryn H. SMITH,Geoffrey W. STEVENS

期刊论文

Regulation of radicals by hydrogen-donor solvent in direct coal liquefaction

期刊论文

Micronization of curcumin with biodegradable polymer by supercritical anti-solvent using micro swirl

Kimthet Chhouk, Wahyudiono, Hideki Kanda, Shin-Ichro Kawasaki, Motonobu Goto

期刊论文

Study of an artificial boundary condition based on the damping-solvent extraction method

Qiang XU, Jianyun CHEN, Jing LI, Mingming WANG

期刊论文

Deep eutectic solvent inclusions for high- composite dielectric elastomers

期刊论文

A new procedure combining GC-MS with accelerated solvent extraction for the analysis of phthalic acid

Tingting MA, Ying TENG, Peter CHRISTIE, Yongming LUO, Yongshan CHEN, Mao YE, Yujuan HUANG

期刊论文

Purification of artemisinin from quercetin by anti-solvent crystallization

Chandrakant R. MALWADE, Haiyan QU, Ben-Guang RONG, Lars P. CHRISTENSEN

期刊论文

Nanostructured gold films exhibiting almost complete absorption of light at visible wavelengths

Hanbin Zheng, Christine Picard, Serge Ravaine

期刊论文

Effect of light scattering on the performance of a direct absorption solar collector

Kwang Hyun WON, Bong Jae LEE

期刊论文

Performance analysis of solar absorption-subcooled compression hybrid refrigeration system in subtropical

Xiangyang YE,Liming LIU,Zeyu LI

期刊论文

Improving retrieval precision of NO

Jinpeng YANG

期刊论文

optimization of 1,3-dimethylimidazolylium dimethylphosphate-water binary mixture for a single effect absorption

Gorakshnath TAKALKAR, Ahmad K. SLEITI

期刊论文

A district heating system based on absorption heat exchange with CHP systems

Lin FU, Yan LI, Yi JIANG, Shigang ZHANG,

期刊论文

Vanadium(IV) solvent extraction enhancement in high acidity using di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid with

期刊论文